Urinary incontinence
Changes in urinary bladder and urethra smooth muscle functions as well as diseases of the central or peripheral nervous system or maturation inhibition lead to a partial or complete loss of the bladder function and/or its coordination.
Urinary incontinence is a leading clinical symptom of functional disorders in the combined action of storing, closing and discharging mechanisms of the lower urinary tract. According to the definition of the International Continence Society (ICS), urinary incontinence is described as a state in which the involuntary loss of urine implies a social or hygienic problem which can be portrayed objectively.
A study (1) which surveyed 16,776 European men and women aged 40 and over indicated a prevalence of symptoms of the overactive bladder among 17 percent. Here, an increased micturition frequency of 85 percent was the most frequent symptom. The high rate of overactive bladder symptoms in the general population is in contrast to the fact that only a small portion of the afflicted is receiving treatment. Approximately 40 percent of all the afflicted do not even talk to a doctor about their problems.
The epidemiologic data prove that the problem of overactive bladder and urinary incontinence is a very significant public health and social issue. Thus, the prevention and therapy of these diseases assume tremendous importance. Each case of incontinence which can be avoided through medical treatment helps the suffering patient and lessens the social burdens.